04-06-2022, 01:26 AM
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<!--StartFragment--><h1 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">What are the advantages and disadvantages of aluminum tube Tubing?</h1><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s benefits make it a modern, efficient and effective material for building and construction .It’s hard to list off all of the advantages that<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-tube/" target="_self">aluminum tube</a><span> </span>has to offer. The tremendous diversity in aluminum tube alloys has allowed for faster production processes that are more efficient and save money. As the production of aluminum tube has advanced, making it cheaper and more adaptable, it has allowed for breakthroughs that would have seemed impossible just a few years previously.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Flexibility</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s combination of properties mean that it can be easily shaped by any of the main industrial metalworking processes, including rolling, extrusion, forging and casting, guaranteeing virtually unlimited design potential.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Light-weight</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s light weight makes it cheaper and easier to transport and handle on site.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Strength</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The use of aluminium in buildings assists architects meet performance specifications while minimising expenditure on foundations. Alloyed aluminium can be as strong as steel at only a third of the weight.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Durability</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium building products are made from alloys that are weather-proof, corrosion-resistant and immune to the harmful effects of UV rays, ensuring optimal performance over a very long lifetime.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Corrosive Resistance</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s natural oxide coating provides an effective protective barrier against elements that wear other metals.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Insular</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">A layer of insulated aluminium cladding can be four times more effective than uninsulated timber cladding, 100mm of brick, or 200mm of stone masonry.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Recyclability</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium is 100% recyclable and uses only 5% of the energy used to make the original product. Almost all aluminium used in construction is recycled.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">First of all, although aluminum tube does have a great strength-to-weight ratio, when we’re just talking strength alone, stainless steel is often stronger. So for structures where weight isn’t an issue, steel might be the way to go. In addition, another drawback is that certain alloys of aluminum tube do not have the same level of corrosion resistance as stainless steel. That’s why, for example, aluminum tube is not as popular a choice for electrical cables as it used to be. When deciding on an alloy, it’s very important to know exactly what the material will be exposed to so that you know that it will be able to withstand the elements for as long as necessary.<br></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Advantages of Aluminum Extrusion:</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum is a very commonly specified material for use in extrusions and shape profiles because it possesses mechanical characteristics that make it ideally suited for the shaping and forming metal from billet sections. The high malleability of aluminum means that the metal can be readily shaped into a variety of sections without expending significant energy on the tooling or forming process, and the melting point of aluminum is also generally on the order of half that of ordinary steel. Both of these facts mean that the aluminum extrusion process has a relatively low energy footprint translating into low tooling and manufacturing costs. Finally, aluminum also possesses a high strength to weight ratio, making it an excellent choice for industrial applications.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Types of Profiles</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">A wide variety of intricate aluminum extrusion profile types can be created at varying thicknesses. These profiles can feature a wide variety of intricate void spaces, as necessitated by the end use application. A wide range of internal voids are available in order to facilitate a wide variety of automation applications and also satisfy any performance weight requirements. The most common type of<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-profile/" target="_self">aluminum profile</a><span> </span>is the hollow beam profile which is simply a variation of the square profile. There are also other profile types such as the triangular, single radius, and L-shaped profile.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum is an amazing metal that has had a great impact on modern industry. Its versatility and adaptability mean that it can be used in numerous applications, more cost effective and with greater durability than many other materials. No matter what your product or job, there’s likely an aluminum alloy that’s right for you.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The downside to this tremendous diversity is that aluminum offers a wide range of options, sometimes making it difficult to know which grade is most suitable. For instance,<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-bar/" target="_self">aluminum bar</a><span> </span>is frequently bought in a variety of alloys and a number of distinct shapes, including flat, hexagon, round and square. That’s not to mention the many specialty, high-performance aluminum alloys that are becoming more affordable every year.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In a perfect world, a manufacturer could take the time to test and prototype a whole range of different materials to learn which type of aluminum works best for a particular application. This process can be time consuming, and even though aluminum is well known for its ease of use (particularly for prototyping) it may be necessary to act swiftly. That’s why working with a knowledgeable, responsive material supplier is a necessity.</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF WORKING WITH ALUMINUM BAR?</h2><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">As the most abundant metal found in the Earth’s crust, aluminum is a bountiful resource that offers a number of key benefits. Primary among them, aluminum exhibits an amazing strength-to-weight ratio that has made it a transformative material in architecture and engineering. It is also extremely durable and can withstand heavy forces. For instance, in automotive applications aluminum can absorb twice the crash energy of steel, allowing for vehicles to be simultaneously lighter and safer.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Another of the most prized properties of aluminum bar is its corrosion resistance. The metal naturally forms a protective oxide coating on its surface that makes it highly resistant to most types of corrosion. Some alloys are even able to endure in marine environments for extended periods of time. Furthermore, aluminum can be treated in a number of ways such as anodizing, painting or lacquering to increase its resistance even further.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum is also very formable, making it easy to work with and allowing the metal to be adapted to all kinds of applications. Aluminum bar can be bent and shaped in any number of ways. Other benefits include high ductility, thermal/electrical conductivity and reflexivity. Aluminum is also hygienic, making it extremely popular in industries such as food, beverage and medical.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Furthermore, aluminum is easy to recycle, meaning not only is it good for the environment but it is also cheaper to work with because there is much less waste material.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Different aluminum grades have different properties, so it’s important to know which alloy will work best for your particular application before getting started.</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum Coil Classification</h2><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1000 Series Aluminum Coil</h3><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The 1000 series aluminum coil represents the 1000 series<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-sheet/" target="_self">aluminum sheet</a>, which is also called a pure aluminum sheet. Among all the series, the 1000 series belongs to the series with the most aluminum content. The purity can reach more than 99.00%. Because it does not contain other technical elements, the production process is relatively simple and the price is relatively cheap. It is currently the most commonly used series in conventional industries. Most of the<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/" target="_self">products</a><span> </span>circulating in the market are the 1050 and 1060 series. The 1000 series aluminum plate determines the minimum aluminum content of this series according to the last two Arabic numerals. For example, the last two Arabic numerals of the 1050 series are 50. According to the international brand naming principle, the aluminum content must reach 99.5% or more to be a qualified product.</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">2000 Series Aluminum Coil</h3><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">2000 series aluminum coils represent 2A16 (LY16), 2A06 (LY6); 2000 series aluminum plates are characterized by high hardness, of which the copper element content is the highest, about 3-5%. 2000 series aluminum plates are aviation aluminum materials, which are not often used in conventional industries.</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">3000 Series Aluminum Coil</h3><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The representative of 3000 series aluminum coil is mainly 3003, 3003, 3A21. It can also be called an anti-rust aluminum plate. The 3000 series aluminum plate is made of manganese as the main component. And China’s 3000 series aluminum plates are relatively outstanding in the market.</p><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><!--EndFragment-->
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<!--StartFragment--><h1 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">What are the advantages and disadvantages of aluminum tube Tubing?</h1><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s benefits make it a modern, efficient and effective material for building and construction .It’s hard to list off all of the advantages that<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-tube/" target="_self">aluminum tube</a><span> </span>has to offer. The tremendous diversity in aluminum tube alloys has allowed for faster production processes that are more efficient and save money. As the production of aluminum tube has advanced, making it cheaper and more adaptable, it has allowed for breakthroughs that would have seemed impossible just a few years previously.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Flexibility</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s combination of properties mean that it can be easily shaped by any of the main industrial metalworking processes, including rolling, extrusion, forging and casting, guaranteeing virtually unlimited design potential.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Light-weight</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s light weight makes it cheaper and easier to transport and handle on site.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Strength</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The use of aluminium in buildings assists architects meet performance specifications while minimising expenditure on foundations. Alloyed aluminium can be as strong as steel at only a third of the weight.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Durability</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium building products are made from alloys that are weather-proof, corrosion-resistant and immune to the harmful effects of UV rays, ensuring optimal performance over a very long lifetime.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Corrosive Resistance</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium’s natural oxide coating provides an effective protective barrier against elements that wear other metals.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Insular</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">A layer of insulated aluminium cladding can be four times more effective than uninsulated timber cladding, 100mm of brick, or 200mm of stone masonry.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Recyclability</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminium is 100% recyclable and uses only 5% of the energy used to make the original product. Almost all aluminium used in construction is recycled.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">First of all, although aluminum tube does have a great strength-to-weight ratio, when we’re just talking strength alone, stainless steel is often stronger. So for structures where weight isn’t an issue, steel might be the way to go. In addition, another drawback is that certain alloys of aluminum tube do not have the same level of corrosion resistance as stainless steel. That’s why, for example, aluminum tube is not as popular a choice for electrical cables as it used to be. When deciding on an alloy, it’s very important to know exactly what the material will be exposed to so that you know that it will be able to withstand the elements for as long as necessary.<br></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Advantages of Aluminum Extrusion:</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum is a very commonly specified material for use in extrusions and shape profiles because it possesses mechanical characteristics that make it ideally suited for the shaping and forming metal from billet sections. The high malleability of aluminum means that the metal can be readily shaped into a variety of sections without expending significant energy on the tooling or forming process, and the melting point of aluminum is also generally on the order of half that of ordinary steel. Both of these facts mean that the aluminum extrusion process has a relatively low energy footprint translating into low tooling and manufacturing costs. Finally, aluminum also possesses a high strength to weight ratio, making it an excellent choice for industrial applications.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Types of Profiles</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">A wide variety of intricate aluminum extrusion profile types can be created at varying thicknesses. These profiles can feature a wide variety of intricate void spaces, as necessitated by the end use application. A wide range of internal voids are available in order to facilitate a wide variety of automation applications and also satisfy any performance weight requirements. The most common type of<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-profile/" target="_self">aluminum profile</a><span> </span>is the hollow beam profile which is simply a variation of the square profile. There are also other profile types such as the triangular, single radius, and L-shaped profile.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum is an amazing metal that has had a great impact on modern industry. Its versatility and adaptability mean that it can be used in numerous applications, more cost effective and with greater durability than many other materials. No matter what your product or job, there’s likely an aluminum alloy that’s right for you.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The downside to this tremendous diversity is that aluminum offers a wide range of options, sometimes making it difficult to know which grade is most suitable. For instance,<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-bar/" target="_self">aluminum bar</a><span> </span>is frequently bought in a variety of alloys and a number of distinct shapes, including flat, hexagon, round and square. That’s not to mention the many specialty, high-performance aluminum alloys that are becoming more affordable every year.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In a perfect world, a manufacturer could take the time to test and prototype a whole range of different materials to learn which type of aluminum works best for a particular application. This process can be time consuming, and even though aluminum is well known for its ease of use (particularly for prototyping) it may be necessary to act swiftly. That’s why working with a knowledgeable, responsive material supplier is a necessity.</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF WORKING WITH ALUMINUM BAR?</h2><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">As the most abundant metal found in the Earth’s crust, aluminum is a bountiful resource that offers a number of key benefits. Primary among them, aluminum exhibits an amazing strength-to-weight ratio that has made it a transformative material in architecture and engineering. It is also extremely durable and can withstand heavy forces. For instance, in automotive applications aluminum can absorb twice the crash energy of steel, allowing for vehicles to be simultaneously lighter and safer.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Another of the most prized properties of aluminum bar is its corrosion resistance. The metal naturally forms a protective oxide coating on its surface that makes it highly resistant to most types of corrosion. Some alloys are even able to endure in marine environments for extended periods of time. Furthermore, aluminum can be treated in a number of ways such as anodizing, painting or lacquering to increase its resistance even further.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum is also very formable, making it easy to work with and allowing the metal to be adapted to all kinds of applications. Aluminum bar can be bent and shaped in any number of ways. Other benefits include high ductility, thermal/electrical conductivity and reflexivity. Aluminum is also hygienic, making it extremely popular in industries such as food, beverage and medical.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Furthermore, aluminum is easy to recycle, meaning not only is it good for the environment but it is also cheaper to work with because there is much less waste material.</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Different aluminum grades have different properties, so it’s important to know which alloy will work best for your particular application before getting started.</p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Aluminum Coil Classification</h2><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1000 Series Aluminum Coil</h3><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The 1000 series aluminum coil represents the 1000 series<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/aluminum-sheet/" target="_self">aluminum sheet</a>, which is also called a pure aluminum sheet. Among all the series, the 1000 series belongs to the series with the most aluminum content. The purity can reach more than 99.00%. Because it does not contain other technical elements, the production process is relatively simple and the price is relatively cheap. It is currently the most commonly used series in conventional industries. Most of the<span> </span><a href="http://www.holeealuminum.com/" target="_self">products</a><span> </span>circulating in the market are the 1050 and 1060 series. The 1000 series aluminum plate determines the minimum aluminum content of this series according to the last two Arabic numerals. For example, the last two Arabic numerals of the 1050 series are 50. According to the international brand naming principle, the aluminum content must reach 99.5% or more to be a qualified product.</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">2000 Series Aluminum Coil</h3><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">2000 series aluminum coils represent 2A16 (LY16), 2A06 (LY6); 2000 series aluminum plates are characterized by high hardness, of which the copper element content is the highest, about 3-5%. 2000 series aluminum plates are aviation aluminum materials, which are not often used in conventional industries.</p><h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">3000 Series Aluminum Coil</h3><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">The representative of 3000 series aluminum coil is mainly 3003, 3003, 3A21. It can also be called an anti-rust aluminum plate. The 3000 series aluminum plate is made of manganese as the main component. And China’s 3000 series aluminum plates are relatively outstanding in the market.</p><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><!--EndFragment-->
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